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Info per EU policy
21.05.2013:
CityMobil2 project launches its website
20.05.2013:
CIVITAS II Policy advice notes
16.05.2013:
CIVINET Slovenia-Croatia Network established
Aragon
Status Quo
Aragon is one of the 17 anautonomous communities in Spain. region comprises three provinces from north to south: Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel. Its capital is Zaragoza. Aragon's northern province of Huesca borders France and it is positioned in the middle of the Pyrenees. As of 2006, the population was 1,277,471.
Aragon was one region within the EU funded project MADAGASCAR. As result the first natural gas filling station in Spain was set up in 2010.
Regional Information Sources
Barcelona
Status Quo
Barcelona is the capital and the most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, after Madrid, with a population of about 1,621,000 within its administrative limits on a land area of 101.4 km2. The urban area of Barcelona extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of over 4,200,000 on an area of 803 km2, it is the sixth-most populous urban area in the European Union a On a working day in Barcelona 4.6 million journeys take place within the city and 2.8 million journeys occur between Barcelona and the surrounding metropolitan area.
With Madrid, Barcelona was the first city in Spain starting the campaign “E-driving” (Econducción) that wants to contribute to a lower energy consumption through a change of the drivers’ behaviour. It was created with three main fields to work on: firstly the sensibilization towards a more sustainable mobility, secondly an increase of public transport use and thirdly the promotion of energy-efficient driving. The recommendations are concentrated on the selection of the most adequate transport mode, a very rational use of the car and energy-efficient driving. The practical measures were coordinated by administrations, automobile companies and drivers. Three main messages were determined:
- Realizing E-driving: whenever possible, take public transport.
- Realizing E-driving: avoid extreme acceleration and braking. You will save up to 11% of fuel.
- Realizing E-driving: do not drive, but walk short distances.
Regional/Local Joint Procurement Initiatives
The City of Barcelona has implemented the so-called Green Office Programme in 2001 for the inclusion of environmental criteria in public procurement. Barcelona City Council has incorporated environmental criteria into its biggest contracts in recent years. Moreover, in 2006 the administrative part of all procurement procedures has been modified to include environmental clauses throughout local authority contracts. In 2005 specific environmental criteria for the supply of fuel and lubricants for vehicles were defined.
Regional Information Sources
Basque Country
Status Quo
The Basque Country is an Autonomous Community of northern Spain. Growth in transport in the Basque Country has reached unsustainable levels. Whereas in 1995, transport accounted for just over 21% of all energy consumed in the region, by 2004 the proportion had risen to 31%. Within the transport sector, road transport is by far the leading energy consumer. In 2004 road transport was responsible for 30% of the region’s total energy consumption. In the autonomous Community of the Basque Country, transport's relative contribution to CO2 emissions has grown 70% between 1990 and 2000.
The Basque Government is promoting the use of new energy sources in transport. A number of successful schemes have been carried out involving the use of natural gas and biodiesel in transport. It is clear that in order to reduce CO2 emissions, fuel savings need to be achieved and petroleum fuels replaced by other fuels derived from vegetable matter. (oil-bearing crops or crops with high sugar or starch contents). Going ahead of the target set for the EU, the Basque Government proposes that by 2010, 11.9% of the energy consumed in the transport sector should come from biofuels.
Basque Country played a virtual role within the EU funded project BEST. At the beginning of the project, there were no flexi-fuel vehicles and no bioethanol filling stations in the Basque Country. By the end of 2009, there was 10 E85 pumps , contributing towards a total of 35 biofuel pumps (there are also 25 biodiesel pumps) and EVE is aiming for 60 pumps, most selling both biodiesel and bioethanol, in the near future. At present Ford, Saab, Volvo and Renault offer models in the Basque market. Most FFV’s operating in the region are owned by municipalities and institutions.
Regional Information Sources
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_Country_%28autonomous_community%29
Burgos
Status Quo
Burgos is city of northern Spain, historic capital of Castile. It is situated at the edge of the central plateau, with about 179,000 inhabitants in the city proper and another 16,000 in its suburbs. It is the capital of the province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and León.
A comprehensive strategy on the use of biofuels and CNG started up in February 2005. Their use in municipal transport fleets has been researched and developed and their use in private and public vehicles widely promoted. Up to July 2007, eight new CNG buses have been acquired by the Council, as well as other 27 new bio diesel capable to use 100 % biodiesel Euro IV-V Engine. Further additions of new custom-built vehicles running on cleaner fuels has been made to the municipal fleet. Other fuel station was built to install bio fuel and CNG facilities. In these moments due to the cold weather in the City of Burgos the public fleet is using 25% bio diesel in summer and 17% in winter. Nevertheless because the new 27 biodiesel buses are capable to use 100% biodiesel, another station is being building to provide 100% biodiesel. At the same time, a strategy to collect used oil was developed and some collect boxes were put in markets and clean points all over the city. A campaign to aware the citizens to recycle the used oil with TV, radio and local press advertising was developed with a big success. Another aware campaign to promote good habits in relation with buses (not to park in front of the bus stops, leave the seat to disable people…) was developed with a contest of ideas about clean transport. In the mobility week of September 2006, two clowns were promoting good habits in transport and they stressed the effort in the public transport and the use of bio fuels (as Council is doing) promotion
Fuelling Infrastructure
The good result, apart from the fact that all the public fleet is using biofuels was also an external impact: four other biofuels stations (apart from the municipality station) were installed for the general use of all the citizens. It means the higher number of bio fuels station per habitant of all Spain.
Regional Information Sources
Donostia-San Sebastián
Status Quo
Donostia-San Sebastián is the capital city of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, Spain. Its population is about 183,000 (2007 estimate), and the population of its metropolitan area is about 405,100. The City itself is the leader in the CIVITAS project, and the Municipal Bus Company of the city is the leader of some of the measures of the project and one of them is promoting Biofuels and Clean Vehicles. The objective of the measure is to test energy-efficient public transport fleets at a significant scale in the CIVITAS corridor. The use of Biodiesel in the local buses will serve as a local showcase and promotional actions are planned to convince also other fleet operators and individual car users to switch.
During CIVITAS ARCHIMEDES the San Sebastián public transport company (CTSS) has gradually introduce biodiesel in its fleet. Over time both the number of vehicles using biodiesel and the blend levels will increase according to the following: during ARCHIMEDES all 70 buses of the CTSS will run at least with a 20% blend of biodiesel. A part of the fleet, namely 20 buses, will run on 100% biodiesel. In the case of the measure related to "Biofuels and clean Vehicles", there are some necessary changes in infrastructure: New fuel pumping - mixing station. The municipal police will introduce at least 7 hybrid cars as part of the ARCHIMEDES demonstration project. Major results and lessons learned
Fuelling Infrastructure
A biodiesel mixing station is operational at CTSS since December 2008. The mixing station will provide the possibility to adapt the percentage of biodiesel mix to the technical needs of each individual bus.
Regional Information Sources
Madrid
Status Quo
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million (as of December 2009); the entire population of the metropolitan area (urban area and suburbs) is calculated to be nearly 6.5 million. It is the third-most populous municipality in the European Union and its metropolitan area is the third-most populous in the European Union. The city spans a total of 698 km² (234 sq mi).
For the City of Madrid growing road traffic is one of the main producers of greenhouse gas emissions - in other words, pollution. To deal with the problem of air quality, Madrid City Council has launched in February 2008 ‘Green Fleet’ which upholds the city’s commitment to gradually increase the role and usage of clean vehicles e.g. buses, waste collection vehicles, and cars, which are operated by the local official administration. The city aims to have a completely ‘ecological’ or energy efficient fleet using environmentally friendly technologies by 2011. As part of this strategy, Madrid municipality managed to gain the support of 35 large companies across different sectors to join in the city’s efforts to tackle the problem of air quality and the bigger issue of climate change. These companies come under the umbrella, ‘Foro Pro-clima Madrid’ (Forum ProClimate Madrid), a platform which promotes the values of sustainable development shared by the city and supporting companies. Each business involved has agreed to work towards achieving 6% clean vehicle technology of their total feet by 2012. The results so far shows 1,800 city vehicles which are either powered by electricity or alternative fuels e.g. natural gas, biodiesel and bio-ethanol are already in use; this amounts to 20% of the total public feet. Related to this a reduction of 10,000 tonnes CO2 can be calculated.
As a result of the city’s participation in the European Project BEST (Bioethanol for a Sustainable Transport), a separate ‘Green Bioethanol Fleet’ composed of 40 fexi-fuel cars, 1 official car for the Environment Councillor and 5 Bioethanol buses, is also already in operation. The introduction of sustainability criteria in urban mobility is overall contributing to a better environment in terms of local air quality in Madrid.
With Barcelona, Madrid was the first city in Spain starting the campaign “E-driving” (Econducción) that wants to contribute to lower energy consumption through a change of the drivers’ behaviour. It was created with three main fields to work on: firstly the sensibilization towards a more sustainable mobility, secondly an increase of public transport use and thirdly the promotion of energy-efficient driving. The recommendations are concentrated on the selection of the most adequate transport mode, a very rational use of the car and energy-efficient driving. The practical measures were coordinated by administrations, automobile companies and drivers. Three main messages were determined:
- Realizing E-driving: whenever possible, take public transport.
- Realizing E-driving: avoid extreme acceleration and braking. You will save up to 11% of fuel.
- Realizing E-driving: do not drive, but walk short distances.
Fuelling Infrastructure
The City Council of Madrid operates an own biogas plant and station for servicing 450 busses used in public transport and 500 waste collection vehicles.
Regional Information Sources
Malaga
Status Quo
Málaga is a city and a municipality in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. With a population of 568,305 in 2009, it is the second most populous city of Andalusia and the sixth largest in the country.
Within the sphere of the Villemizéro project, the city of Malaga has developed its pilot project called Malaga Biodiesel. The focus that Malaga has given the Villemizero project, is committed to promoting solutions for transport which are respectful to the environment, and therefore, is concerned with alternative fuels. Malaga Biodiesel tries to provide a mathematical instrument that would be useful to the owners of bus fleets (municipal and private public transport companies) when making the decision of renewing or increasing the vehicle fleet. The model indicates the |investments needed in order to minimise the emission of contaminants in the atmosphere derived from combustion engine vehicles which the fleet is composed of. The name Malaga Biodiesel has not been assigned to the project without reason, it is the consequence of analysis of all alternative energy that can be applied to a bus fleets. The conversion of all diesel buses to Biodiesel is the best solution for the budget available and Malaga’s environmental problems. By applying to their fleets the results derived from the application of the model, the Malaga Transport Company (EMT, SAM) and the Malaga Area Transport Consortium have demonstrated, in relation to their buses, their awareness with regard to the reduction of contaminating emissions in the atmosphere. The solution indicated by the model, has not only been identified but has actually been implemented with success.
Regional Information Sources
Sevilla
Status Quo
Seville is the artistic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. The population of the city of Seville was about 704,000 as of 2010, ranking as the fourth largest city of Spain. The population of the metropolitan area (urban area plus satellite towns) was about 1,508,000 as of 2010.
Sevilla is one of the first cities in the world using vehicles with electric propulsion for the collection of urban waste. The Cleaning Service Company LIPASAM, managed by the City Council, added the first five compactor vehicles to its fleet in 1998, for the collection of urban waste in the historic centre of Sevilla. These vehicles, with bimodal technology (hybrid combustion-electric engine), were the first experience at national level in Spain. The acquisition of these new bimodal vehicles implied an investment over 1.5 million of Euros, although the special characteristics of the initiative and its environmental improvement was partially supported by the EU Cohesion Funds (80%); the rest of the investment was supported by the City Council of Sevilla (20%). The practical benefits of this technology also include lower emissions and environmental noise at low speeds compared to conventional vehicles. Subsequently, the good experience of the Environmental Department of Sevilla City Council was confirmed by the purchase of another five compactor vehicles, consolidating this bimodal technology.
Fuelling Infrastructure
In 2010 Seville installed 75 charging points for electric cars and buys 500 electric vehicles to promote its deployment.
Regional Information Sources
Valencia
Status Quo
Valencia is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain, with a population of about 814,200 in 2009. It is the 15th-most populous municipality in the European Union. About 1,175,000 people live in the Valencia urban area and 1,705,000 in the Valencia metropolitan area.
In big cities like Valencia daily a big amount of cooking oil accurs, remaining partly unused and causing several problems. Cooking oil is a waste material that can be used in different ways, but collection schemes and recovery options are not sufficiently developed in most regions. Former recycling of cooking oil mainly comprised the usage for animal feed, but is banned due to recent legislative developments. Since cooking oil can be recycled into environmentally friendly fuels this option was followed up in Valencia. The activities in Valencia mainly comprised three steps, setting up an adequate collection system for waste vegetable oil, conditioning and transformation of the collected oil to biodiesel (FAME), test and usage of the produced alternative fuel in urban city buses. The project established a collection system in Valencia. Tree points were established in Valencia to collect domestic waste oils (on average around 100 litres/month were collected). In commercial establishments different sizes of containers are used (from 20 to 60 litres). By the end of the project 800 establishments were involved and about 800,000 litres of used cooking oil had been collected. The system of collecting used vegetable oil from the catering and restaurant trade and the food services industry by areas, covering the entire city of Valencia. The oil collected are then processed and undergo a chemical treatment at a transformation plant for the purpose of producing biodieself fuel. The process chain includes storage, transport to an external plant, conditioning (cleaning, filtering etc.) and transformation (transesterification). During the project 322,654 litres of eco-diesel were produced and used in the urban bus fleet of Valencia. The fleet of the Municipal Transport Company of Valencia comprises in total 480 vehicles. From March to July 2004 15 to 120 buses and from August until October 2004 264 buses (55% of EMT's fleet) were involved in the project. A diesel/biodiesel mixture with a percentage mainly between 5% (B5) and 30% (B30) biodiesel was used. A amount of 1,778,140 litres eco-diesel/diesel mix have been used and the buses covered 3,228,783 km on this fuel in total. The following reduction of air pollutants was realised during this period:
- CO: minus 15%
- CO2: B30 minus 8%, B70 minus 13%
- NOx: no significant changes
- THC (unburned Hydrocarbons): B30 minus 20%, B70 minus 56%
- Particles (Opacity) B30 minus 22%, B70 minus 56%
Regional Information Sources
