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16.05.2012:
BYPAD improves cycling policy in cities
16.05.2012:
Gdynia rewards cycling commuters (Poland)
Aalborg
Status Quo
Home to 194,000 citizens, Aalborg is the primary city of northern Denmark. Alborg has established the so-called CIVITAS innovation corridor that runs from the city centre to the eastern urban areas of the municipality and forms an ideal trial area for demonstrating how to deal with traffic and mobility issues in inner urban areas and outskirts of the municipality. The innovation corridor includes different aspects of transport in the urban environment, including schools, public transport, commuting, goods distribution and traffic safety. The implementation of measures and tools fit into the framework of the Urban Transport Plan adopted by the Municipality. Three of the measures within the corridor are directly linked to clean vehicles:
Biofuels in Aalborg: Within this measure the opportunities of using high blend bio fuels in standard vehicles was explored. The analyses comprised buses, HGV and distribution vehicles with a new tourist bus line as the visible showcase. The tasks within this measure involved key stakeholders in the deployment of bio-fuels and will bring knowledge on this that can contribute to national and European policy, and hopefully lead to less dependency of fossil fuels without compromising other environmental targets (e.g. on PM emissions). The measure covers 5 tasks:
- Study of impacts using first and second generation biofuels in public transport and delivery service vehicles
- Technical development of methanol fuel cell pack for service vehicle
- Public Transport biofuels
- Delivery Service biofuels
- Biofuel Supply
- Clean Fuelled Tourism Shuttle Bus
- Low emmission zone in Aalborg: for detailse see below.
- Changing Parking Behaviour in Aalborg: This measure will contribute towards the implementation and promotion of a revised parking system and charge structure. The ARCHIMEDES project will contribute towards the implementation and promotion of a revised parking system and charge structure. The demonstration will be carefully designed to maintain accessibility to the city centre commercial area, avoid affecting the competitiveness of city centre compared to the commercial centre at the periphery of Aalborg and ensure that incentives are provided to use soft modes or public transport.
Providing fuel consumption remains the same the 10% substitution of diesel with CO2 neutral biofuels in public transport in the CIVITAS corridor is expected to lead to 140t less CO2 emissions annually.
Fuelling Infrastructure
Based on the study of impacts of first and second generation biofuels, a biofuel infrastructure was developed in order to make it possible by mid November 2010 for 50 buses, 50 postal vehicles and the tourist shuttle bus to use a bio-fuel blend of at least 10 %. By April 2010 a Methanol Fuel Cell Pack was developed. For HGV and vans the figure will be around 175t. This will be evaluated.
Regional Support Instruments for Clean Vehicle
The LEZ has been in place since 1st February 2009. From 1 July 2010 Euro 4 or have a certified particulate filter fitted. The vehicles affected are heavy duty vehicles (buses and lorries) over 3.5 tonnes. In Aalborg, the environmental zone is demarcated by the Østre Allé Ring Way and Limfjorden with a transit route via the Limfjord Bridge. The transit route ensures that vehicles have an alternative to motorway E45, when they are crossing Limfjorden at Aalborg.
Regional Information Sources
www.aalborgkommune.dk/Borger/trafik-og-veje/Trafikken/miljoezone/Sider/Miljoezone.aspx
Aarhus
Status Quo
Aarhus is the second-largest city in Denmark. The principal port of Denmark, Aarhus is on the east side of the peninsula of Jutland in the geographical center of Denmark. Aarhus is the seat of the council of Aarhus municipality with about 310,000 inhabitants 0 (January 2010) in the inner urban area, and about 800,000 inhabitants within 1/2 hour transport.
Regional Support Instruments for Clean Vehicle
On 1st September 2010 a Low Emmission Zone was opened in Aarhus. The emissions standard is Euro 4(PM). The vehicles affected are heavy duty vehicles (buses and lorries) over 3.5 tonnes. The urban area bounded is by the Nordre Ringgade, Vestre Ringgade, Sondre Ringgade, Marselis Boulevard and Sydhavnsgade, which are not a part of the zone. Traffic to and from Mols Linien are exempted - on a route along Nørrebrogade and North Gate until the ferry terminal at North Harbor. The exemption applies until the ferry terminal is relocated to the commercial port - expected around 2015. Danish vehicles need to have an LEZ sticker in the windscreen, click here to apply (delivery can take 10 working days). Foreign vehicles need to carry the information stated below to prove they meet the emissions standards.
Regional Information Sources
Copenhagen
Status Quo
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of about 1,181,000 (2010) and a metropolitan population of about 1,901,000 (2010). Copenhagen is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager.
In the period from 1996 to 2000, the municipality of Copenhagen participated in the EU funded project ZEUS (Zero and low Emission vehicles in Urban Society). The municipality prepared a tender together with 5 other European cities. Copenhagen replaced 50 combustion engine cars with 50 electric vehicles (EV). The majority of cars was bought from Citroën, to be used by employees of the municipality. The cars had a radius of action of just below 100 km. After analyzing the use of the vehicles in the administration it was discovered, that average driving use for car was approximately 40 km per day.
The experiences from implementing the vehicles were that the EVs seemed to cover the tasks needed by the staff of the municipalities as well as a conventional combustion engine would do. During the period of the project, Citroën withdrew most of its EV models from the market. This meant that Copenhagen failed to buy EVs, after this project had finished. The project did not seem to have a long lasting effect on the market. Today the municipality of Copenhagen is developing a new plan focusing massively on buying EVs. The plan is to buy EVs on a small scale this year. From 2011, the municipality will only buy EVs, in an attempt to achieve 85% EVs of their total fleet by 2020.
Fuelling Infrastructure
The municipality began its focus on EVs in the early 1990'ies as 20 designated free parking spaces for electric vehicles were established, which also provided free charging of 8-10 hours to fully charge.
Regional Support Instruments for Clean Vehicle
Together with Frederiksberg, Copenhagen has set up a LEZ since 1st September 2008. From 1 July 2010 all Euro 4 or have a certified particulate filter fitted. The vehicles affected are heavy duty vehicles (buses and lorries) over 3.5 tonnes. The Danish Environmental Protection Agency is examining whether the LEZ should be extended to Ring Way 3. However, if introduced, it would be introduced no earlier than some point during 2011. Danish vehicles need to have an LEZ sticker in the windscreen, click here to apply (delivery can take 10 working days). Foreign vehicles need to carry the information stated below to prove they meet the emissions standards.
Regional Information Sources
Frederiksberg
Status Quo
Frederiksberg, which lies west of central Copenhagen, is completely surrounded by boroughs forming part of the city of Copenhagen – the result of an expansion of the Copenhagen city boundary in 1901 which, nevertheless, did not include the town in the list of municipalities to be incorporated in the enlarged area. Frederiksberg is thus effectively a municipal island within the country's capital – a unique phenomenon in present-day Europe.
The municipality of Frederiksberg has 7 year long experience with using electric vehicles. In 2009 the municipal council has decided to add an additional 700.000 euro each of the following two years for purchasing EVs. The vehicles are used in the municipal department for road sanitation and park maintenance. At this moment the department has 21 EVs, ranging from normal cars and small buggys to 3 ton heavy trucks, at their disposal. The most recent purchases are 2 Fiat Scudo Van and 3 Modec Jolly 2000 Electric trucks.
The large trucks are the most recent purchases. They have a radius of action of around 110 km on a fully charged battery and a charging time of around 6 hours. The trucks are some of the first large EVs put into practice in Denmark. The Fiat Scudos have a radius of action of around 150 km on each charging, both types of vehicles have lithium batteries.
Regional Support Instruments for Clean Vehicle
Together with Copenhagen, Frederiksberg has set up a LEZ since 1st September 2008. From 1 July 2010 all Euro 4 or have a certified particulate filter fitted. Vehicles affected are heavy Duty vehicles (buses and lorries) over 3.5Tonnes. Danish vehicles need to have an LEZ sticker in the windscreen, click here to apply (delivery can take 10 working days). Foreign vehicles need to carry the information stated below to prove they meet the emissions standards.
Regional Information Sources
Kolding
Status Quo
With a population of about 89,000 (January 2010), the Kolding municipality is the seventh largest in Denmark. The municipality is also a part of the East Jutland metropolitan area with 1.2 million inhabitants.
Regional/Local Joint Procurement Initiatives
With around 6000 employees, the city of Kolding is the largest single business enterprise in the region. In its Municipality Plan (1998-2009), Kolding takes up the obligation to integrate environmental considerations into its full range of activities, including municipal procurement. There are several reasons why Kolding has chosen to purchase ‘green’:
- Green purchasing helps to reduce the environmental impacts Kolding as Municipality and as a major buyer is responsible for;
- It helps to promote production that has the least impact on the environment;
- It demonstrates Kolding as a convincing and efficient environmental authority, when controlling private enterprises, including industry and farmers, in their environmental performance, e.g. to avoid environmentally damaging chemicals in their production processes;
- Finally, it sets an example for changed consumption patterns and behaviour towards a reduction of use of resources, for all its citizens.
The policy includes an ecological resetting of all purchasing actions: thus, environmental criteria are integrated into all calls for tenders by environmental questionnaires about both the production processes and the products themselves. Within one year, Kolding introduced such questionnaires into 25% of all types of products that are purchased including vehicles. The phase of designing the environmental questionnaire began with extensive research on environmental impacts of products and production processes by environmentally educated and qualified staff from the environment department who closely co-operate with the central purchasing department. Sources of information are publications, web-sites as well as reports from international and national environmental organisations such as the Danish Environmental Protection Agency (DEPA) and the criteria standards set by the Nordic Eco-labelling Council.
Purchasers introduce the questionnaires into their negotiation procedures and evaluate the information gained this way. This process is soon to be complemented by a training scheme for members of staff of the other administrative departments; training lessons include environmental studies and management, green accounts and product information (“how to find a ‘green’ product”). This is particularly important as decisions on type, quality and quantity of products to be purchased are made by these different departments themselves after the central purchasing department stipulates and awards the contracts, as contracts are framework agreements. Kolding sometimes calls for tenders jointly with its neighbour municipalities.
In these cases, Kolding’s environmental department is responsible for the consideration of environmental aspects, i.e. the questionnaires are used in these joint purchasing actions as well. In some instances, Kolding makes use of the framework contracts of National Procurement Ltd., a Danish public intermediary purchasing company for public administrations. In these cases, National Procurement Ltd. takes care of the integration of environmental criteria into calls for tenders.
Regional Information Sources
Odense
Status Quo
Odense Municipality is a Danish municipality in Region Syddanmark on the island of Funen in central Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 304 km2 (117 sq mi), and has a total population of about 187,900 (2009). It is the most populated municipality in Region Syddanmark.
Regional Support Instruments for Clean Vehicle
In Odense a LEZ is in operation since the 1st July 2010, the emissions standard is Euro 4(PM). The vehicles affected are heavy duty vehicles (buses and lorries) over 3.5Tonnes. Danish vehicles need to have an LEZ sticker in the windscreen, click here to apply (delivery can take 10 working days). Foreign vehicles need to carry the information stated below to prove they meet the emissions standards.
Regional Information Sources
